1 Timothy 6:10

Authorized King James Version

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For the love of money is the root of all evil: which while some coveted after, they have erred from the faith, and pierced themselves through with many sorrows.

Original Language Analysis

ῥίζα the root G4491
ῥίζα the root
Strong's: G4491
Word #: 1 of 20
a "root" (literally or figuratively)
γὰρ For G1063
γὰρ For
Strong's: G1063
Word #: 2 of 20
properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles)
πάντων of all G3956
πάντων of all
Strong's: G3956
Word #: 3 of 20
all, any, every, the whole
τῶν G3588
τῶν
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 4 of 20
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
κακῶν evil G2556
κακῶν evil
Strong's: G2556
Word #: 5 of 20
worthless (intrinsically, such; whereas g4190 properly refers to effects), i.e., (subjectively) depraved, or (objectively) injurious
ἐστιν is G2076
ἐστιν is
Strong's: G2076
Word #: 6 of 20
he (she or it) is; also (with neuter plural) they are
G3588
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 7 of 20
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
φιλαργυρία the love of money G5365
φιλαργυρία the love of money
Strong's: G5365
Word #: 8 of 20
avarice
ἧς which G3739
ἧς which
Strong's: G3739
Word #: 9 of 20
the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that
τινες while some G5100
τινες while some
Strong's: G5100
Word #: 10 of 20
some or any person or object
ὀρεγόμενοι coveted after G3713
ὀρεγόμενοι coveted after
Strong's: G3713
Word #: 11 of 20
to stretch oneself, i.e., reach out after (long for)
ἀπεπλανήθησαν they have erred G635
ἀπεπλανήθησαν they have erred
Strong's: G635
Word #: 12 of 20
to lead astray (figuratively); passively, to stray (from truth)
ἀπὸ from G575
ἀπὸ from
Strong's: G575
Word #: 13 of 20
"off," i.e., away (from something near), in various senses (of place, time, or relation; literal or figurative)
τῆς G3588
τῆς
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 14 of 20
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
πίστεως the faith G4102
πίστεως the faith
Strong's: G4102
Word #: 15 of 20
persuasion, i.e., credence; moral conviction (of religious truth, or the truthfulness of god or a religious teacher), especially reliance upon christ
καὶ and G2532
καὶ and
Strong's: G2532
Word #: 16 of 20
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
ἑαυτοὺς themselves G1438
ἑαυτοὺς themselves
Strong's: G1438
Word #: 17 of 20
(him- her-, it-, them-, my-, thy-, our-, your-)self (selves), etc
περιέπειραν pierced G4044
περιέπειραν pierced
Strong's: G4044
Word #: 18 of 20
to penetrate entirely, i.e., transfix (figuratively)
ὀδύναις sorrows G3601
ὀδύναις sorrows
Strong's: G3601
Word #: 19 of 20
grief (as dejecting)
πολλαῖς with many G4183
πολλαῖς with many
Strong's: G4183
Word #: 20 of 20
(singular) much (in any respect) or (plural) many; neuter (singular) as adverbial, largely; neuter (plural) as adverb or noun often, mostly, largely

Cross References

Proverbs 1:19So are the ways of every one that is greedy of gain; which taketh away the life of the owners thereof.1 Timothy 6:9But they that will be rich fall into temptation and a snare, and into many foolish and hurtful lusts, which drown men in destruction and perdition.Psalms 32:10Many sorrows shall be to the wicked: but he that trusteth in the LORD, mercy shall compass him about.Titus 1:11Whose mouths must be stopped, who subvert whole houses, teaching things which they ought not, for filthy lucre's sake.Proverbs 1:31Therefore shall they eat of the fruit of their own way, and be filled with their own devices.Isaiah 56:11Yea, they are greedy dogs which can never have enough, and they are shepherds that cannot understand: they all look to their own way, every one for his gain, from his quarter.Matthew 23:13But woe unto you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! for ye shut up the kingdom of heaven against men: for ye neither go in yourselves, neither suffer ye them that are entering to go in.Jude 1:11Woe unto them! for they have gone in the way of Cain, and ran greedily after the error of Balaam for reward, and perished in the gainsaying of Core.Micah 3:11The heads thereof judge for reward, and the priests thereof teach for hire, and the prophets thereof divine for money: yet will they lean upon the LORD, and say, Is not the LORD among us? none evil can come upon us.2 Timothy 4:10For Demas hath forsaken me, having loved this present world, and is departed unto Thessalonica; Crescens to Galatia, Titus unto Dalmatia.

Analysis & Commentary

For the love of money is the root of all evil (ῥίζα γὰρ πάντων τῶν κακῶν ἐστιν ἡ φιλαργυρία, rhiza gar pantōn tōn kakōn estin hē philargyria)—'the love of money is a root of all kinds of evil.' Rhiza means root. Philargyria means love of money, avarice—from philos (love) and argyros (silver/money). Note: not money itself but the love of money is evil's root. Also, 'a root' (many translations) not 'the root'—money-love produces many evils, though not exclusively all evil.

Which while some coveted after, they have erred from the faith (ἧς τινες ὀρεγόμενοι ἀπεπλανήθησαν ἀπὸ τῆς πίστεως, hēs tines oregomenoi apeplanēthēsan apo tēs pisteōs)—'by craving which, some have wandered away from the faith.' Oregō means to reach for, desire, aspire to. Apo­planaō means to lead astray, cause to wander. And pierced themselves through with many sorrows (καὶ ἑαυτοὺς περιέπειραν ὀδύναις πολλαῖς, kai heautous periepiran odynais pollais)—'and pierced themselves with many griefs.' Peripeirō means to pierce through. Odynē means pain, grief, sorrow.

Money-love produces spiritual destruction (wandering from faith) and emotional devastation (many sorrows). Those who pursue wealth impale themselves on self-inflicted pain—broken relationships, anxiety, guilt, emptiness. The imagery is vivid: money-lovers run toward wealth and impale themselves on the very thing they desired.

Historical Context

The ancient world saw vast wealth inequality and constant financial anxiety among the poor. The desire to escape poverty and achieve security drove many to compromise morally—dishonesty, exploitation, greed. Paul warns: this path leads to spiritual apostasy and emotional torment. Better to be poor and faithful than rich and destroyed. History confirms it: the love of money has destroyed countless lives and souls.

Questions for Reflection

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